Cryptographic Failures and Challenges Assignment

Cryptographic Failures and Challenges - Assignment Example The crippling weaknesses discovered in the Taiwanese Citizen Digital Certificate Program spread uncertainty that certifications intended to guarantee cryptographic security used by governments and enemies cannot circumvent other delicate organizations. The scientists revealed what they termed a ‘fatal flaw’ in the hardware random number generator which in normally used to make sure that the numbers that make the raw materials of crypto keys are not based on noticeable patterns. Randomness is considered a fundamental element in ensuring enemies does not hack the cryptographic keys reinforcement in the smartcards provided to the Taiwanese citizens. For the over 2 million 1024-bit RSA keys examined, about 184 keys were developed so defectively, they could be hacked in a few hours by use of known mathematical techniques and standard computers. However, if the keys had been developed right, hacking them so fast would have needed a huge supercomputer. It, therefore, reveals the feebleness of cryptographic protections that millions of individuals increasingly depend on to protect their business-sensitive secrets and most personal secrets. The case is an example of one of the many cases revealing weaknesses in encryptions. In conclusion, cryptography is very vital as it invention was meant on secrecy and, therefore, there should be some ways of ensuring that they uphold their mandate. In addition, since most of the breakings done are usually linked with poor generation of raw materials or codes, persons involved should be kept on their toes so that they ensure to work correctly as

Much Ado About Nothing - Benedick and Beatrice Essay Example for Free

Much Ado About Nothing Benedick and Beatrice Essay Benedick and Beatrice have close connections in the play, Benedick is portrayed to be a staunch bachelor, whereas Beatrice a combative character, also ironically, due to this being set in the Renaissance era, outspoken. Benedick is seen as very misogynistic. Benedick is portrayed as a misogynistic character to the audience; this is presented on multiple occasions. Benedick inquires if Claudio would, Buy Hero. The verb Buy suggests that women were seen as objects in the Renaissance era. Claudio responds to Benedick, Can the world buy such a jewel? Benedicks response also backs up the point that women were seen to be commodities in his view as he declares you can indeed buy her, and a case to put [her] it in. The noun case shows us that Benedicks views are presented to the audience about his misogynistic sentiment. Benedick states that all women shall, Pardon him. He will do himself, the right to trust none explaining that he doesnt trust women. Beatrice is presented to the audience as being a very witty character, this is shown at the masked ball where Beatrice pretends she doesnt realise that the man in the mask is Benedick. Beatrices crude comments towards Benedick such as he is the, Princes jester, a very dull fool, Incorporating a sardonic tone in order to incorporate excess agony for Benedick. Benedick is presented as a character that staunchly defends his decision to remain single, claiming he will live a bachelor forever. We can tell from the modal verb will that he is in attempt to avoid women at all costs. Benedicks explanation of a perfect women being, fair†¦virtuous†¦ rich†¦ mild is impossibly perfect, presenting him as not wanting a wife due to the fact there was no women with all these attributes in the Renaissance era therefore his status as a single man, a bachelor would remain unchallenged. Beatrice is presented as a combative and outspoken character; this is shown immediately at the beginning of the play where Beatrice challenges Benedick to an intellectual battle of wits. Beatrice inquires why Benedick is still talking, when nobody marks [him] you. The pronoun nobody reinforces her low regard for him however still ironically reveals that she is the only person still interested in what he is saying. This shows Beatrice is uncharacteristic of the Renaissance paradigm of virtue in a woman, also challenging men. In conclusion we can see the feelings regarding Beatrice and Benedick, and that they are portrayed towards the audience as argue mental towards each other. There conflicts may have a hidden meaning such as when Beatrice was the only one interested in what Benedick was saying after she referred to no one being interested. Benedick is presented to the audience as being misogynistic and a staunch bachelor however he may have deeper affections for Beatrice. Beatrice is presented to the audience as being witty, combative and outspoken however her combative attempts are to do with her inner affection for Benedick.

Neil Postman and The Great Debate of Televised Religion Essay -- Paper

Neil Postman and The Great Debate of Televised Religion Neil Postman states that religion on television is expressed purely as entertainment. He believes that by making religion more entertaining, sacred rituals and traditions are replaced and lost. In his chapter titled â€Å"Shuffle Off to Bethlehem,† Postman describes what he believes to be a fraudulent religious tactic and loss of spirituality through television. Postman also makes a good point when he states that all televised religious matter has been geared purely towards entertainment rather than achieving a real spiritual connection with people. He says it best when he comments, â€Å" Everything that makes religion an historic, profound and sacred human activity is stripped away; there is no ritual, no dogma, no tradition, no theology, and above all, no sense of spiritual transcendence.† I agree with most of his points on this loss of the spiritual connection. Participating in spiritual rituals and traditions, as well as feeling a sense of community, are necessary for worship and cannot be replaced on the T.V. screen. I also agree with Postman that rituals and traditions are lost through television. I know that when I attend church, communion is a very important part of our Sunday. In the Church of Christ, communion is taken every week. I cherish that sacred time and find that I need that tradition to make me feel a spiritual connection. It is not just bread and juice, it is a reminder of a sacrifice that was made for me. Baptism is another ritual that I feel is a sacred event to symbolize your commitment to the Lord. I feel that once you make the commitment to become a Christian, the next step is baptism. I don’t think it is something mandatory for salvation but it jus... ...ide more than a visual image of support and does not come close to providing the emotional support that is needed to get through the trials and tribulations of religion and life. All the sacred rituals and spiritual connections to God and community are aspects of religion that cannot be found on television. In his chapter, â€Å"Shuffle off to Bethlehem,† Postman creates an excellent argument against the secular traditions displayed in televised religion. I agree with his views and feel that religion is something much more demanding and spiritual. It almost seems a responsibility as a Christian to remember that although it is hard to attend all services, God has done more than you could ever repay him for. Attending a real service and worshipping him in person is one small thing you can do to make a big difference in your spiritual connection to the one who created you.

Coke Zero Essay

Describe the specific type of consumer that the Coca- Cola Company is targeting with each of the following products: Diet Coke, Coke Zero, Diet Cola, Plus, Coca- Cola Blak, and Full Throttle Blue Demon. What types of demographic segmentation is each product’s marketing most likely to include? The Coca- Cola Company has many different types of products that are marketed towards certain demographics. One of Coca- Colas most popular carbonated drink is Diet coke. Diet Coke is marketed to consumers concerned with nutrition and looking for a low- calorie drink, specifically men when first introduced. Originally Coca Cola thought to Market the drink towards men, but due to the â€Å"feminine stigma† and aspartame- sweetened after taste that turned some consumers against the product . Diet Coke is currently marketed towards women who want to lose weight. Coke zero is designed to target consumers such as younger people. Coke Zero was designed to offer an alternative low calorie drink to people who didn’t really drink Coca- Cola classic or Diet Coke. Diet coke plus, which is a sweeter version of diet coke is fortified with vitamins and minerals, this drink is marketed towards consumers that want to take in less calories and are health conscious . Coca cola blak, which is a cola with coffee essences is marketed to older, more sophisticated consumers who are willing to pay more. Full throttle blue demon, an energy drink with an azule flavor was designed to market towards Hispanic men. Most of the demographic segmentation that is most likely included in each products marketing for each type of drink is Gender, Age, Income level, and life style. Each demographic segmentation such as Gender and life style was described while reading about each product. One good example is Diet Coke. Since the word â€Å"diet† is used in the product name â€Å"Diet Coke† that attracts females because the word â€Å"diet† is used, but tended to turn away males, due to the drink having a reputation of a female image. When Coke Zero was created Coca Cola decided to not use the word â€Å"Diet† since it would most likely scare away males, who were the target consumer for this new drink. Using Demographic segmentation can really help make or break a product.

Children and Young People Development

1. 1 Describe the expected pattern of children and young people’s development from birth to 19 years, to include: * Physical development, communication development, intellectual development social, emotional and behavioural development. 0-3 months from birth a baby’s physical and progress development will improve than any other age. They will have many different movements but this will be very limited, these include grasping (wrapping fingers around things they touch) rooting (will help them find milk threw the nipple by moving head and using touch and if held with their feet firmly to the floor they will copy stepping movements.As they age they will become more confident with this movement and look more relaxed and even move their head more when they see movement and light. * 6-9 months usually play with feet (put them in mouth etc), and cruise around furniture 1. 2 describe with examples how different aspects od development can affect one another. The parts of develop ment do not work individually-they are linked this is why we talk about general development. Even when aiming on one aspect of development, it is very crucial not to forget we are viewing at a person or child and young people.They need to develop many different abilities and these interest more than one spot of development. For example, from every early age parental or carer communication and encouragement is very important for a child. It can help the child grow and develop in all aspects: physical, emotional, behaviour, social, communication and intellect. A child, who has little communication, is UN cared for or has negative social experiences. In these early development years may become a lonely individual have difficulty communicating with others and lack in self-esteem.They may have low expectations of themselves concerning school and learning, which could string to poor results in school which in turn could affect their confidence even further. Children from a poverty stricke n area or deprive background could be affected in many way, environmental, financial Situation an health issues, can all be related. For example their home may be overcrowded and they could be neglected as an individual, the family could be struggling financially a problem which puts pressure on the parents making tension within the family.Absence of money may mean lack of food for the family, going on to poor nutrition. Some children might feel under pressure from peers to have certain brands of clothing. Shoes etc. , they might not be able to keep up with the latest technology and this could lead bullying, shortage of self-esteem. 2. 1 describe with examples the kinds of influences that effect children and young people’s development including: * Background * Health * Environment There are many issues that affect the healthy growth and development of children.These issues Work in mixture and so it is OFTEN difficult to approximate the impact of any single issues on general c hild development Background: pupils may come from a large variety of different family environment, culture, and conditions for example their parents may come from a foreign country and have different religious beliefs. This may affect the child as will be taught something different as home and school may be teaching something else and this may confuse the child. There may also be a language issue as the child may speak the parent’s language at home and may have problems speaking English at school.Health: poor health or physical disability can affect the children development. There are many genetic disorders which instance development. Examples: children with Down’s syndrome often have learning difficulties which can affect their understanding and their ability to communicate with others. * Poor nutrition and lack of sleep will cause a lack of energy and may results in aggressive behaviour and an inability to form relationships. Environment: poverty and poor housing con ditions may affect children’s feelings or self-esteem.Examples, children who live in overcrowded homes or in temporary bed and breakfast accommodation may have fewer opportunities to play with other children and may feel cut off because they see themselves as â€Å"different†. Children’s whose family are travellers might not stay in one area long enough to form friendships. Also children’s education is badly disrupted when families are moved from one place to another. Pollution of the environment could have a evident change on the health and development of children and young people. the three main principals threats to health are water pollution, air pollution and noise pollution.Children are specifically exposed to air pollution. This is partly because they have a huge lung surface area in comparison to their small body size; this means that they soak up toxic substances faster than adults do and are slower to get them out of their body. The effects of a ir pollution from factory chimneys, the use of chemical insecticides and car exhausts include: * Lead poisoning- this is caused by various things such as by vehicle exhaust fumes. Children’s ability to learn can easily be effected by just even the lowest levels of lead in the blood. Children especially vulnerable to lead poisoning. Asthma – an acting trigger for asthma can be air pollution which can make an existing condition even worse. Traffic polluted areas can raise the level of incidence of asthma. 2. 2 describe with examples the importance of recognising and responding to concerns about children and young people’s development. A practitioner should recognise when a child or young person’s development is not succeeding the foreseeable standards. Regularly the parents will tell their own concern and it is important to reply to these. If you are not responding to these, the problem could get worse.Some children and young people may need additional help for any reason, at any time, and for any timespan. Some development involvement is temporary such as hearing problems that is corrected by an operation, and there for only require temporary help. Concerns about development The following issues can all influence the way in which a child or young person develops holistically: * Family situation: family failure – e. g. division of parents or arrival of a new partner; a child or young person being a career of another family member; being looked after by the local authority or recently having left care. Social or emotional problems: grief; behavioural difficulties; being involved in a bullying situation or subject to some kind of discrimination. * Disability or health needs: hearing or visual damage; language and communication difficulties; autistic spectrum disorder; chronic illness leading to regular hospitalisation, and conditions requiring a surgical operation. A child or young person’s development is giving ‘cau se’ for concern will need to be ‘supported’.Practitioners should try to identify the child or young person’s particular developmental needs and reply quickly; he sooner the difficulty is recognised the more likely that the support offered will be affective. The parents or cares should be consulted and the support needed can be bespoke to the individual child or young person. Having observed or compared the child or young person, you need to decide how best their needs can be met. You will need to refer to the related part of normative development to work out which area of development needs to be supported and then decide how this can be done.This involves: * Finding out about their interests and opinions: Children and young people need to know that their interests and opinions are valued. This means showing respect for their interests and showing that you value their contributions. You can find out from parents and cares about activates most enjoyed by you ng children. Older people and young children should be referred about their favourites Providing difficult activates: children and young people need to feel engaged= in activities. – They may find activities to easy for them boring and unexciting.By planning activities that test them, you will be helping them to feel felling of triumph and supporting their progress. * Being prepared to be adaptable when setting up activities: setting up activities should be an adaptable process. You need to be prepared to alter your plans to take into account the individual favourites of children and young people. In this way you, will promote an =atmosphere= of trust and respect. Also, when you consult a young person about what they want to do at a particular time you can often support him or her to take proprietorship of the activity

History of the Computer Industry in America Essays - Free Essays

History of the Computer Industry in America Essays - Free Essays History of the Computer Industry in America America and the Computer Industry Only once in a lifetime will a new invention come about to touch every aspect of our lives. Such a device that changes the way we work, live, and play is a special one, indeed. A machine that has done all this and more now exists in nearly every business in the U.S. and one out of every two households (Hall, 156). This incredible invention is the computer. The electronic computer has been around for over a half-century, but its ancestors have been around for 2000 years. However, only in the last 40 years has it changed the American society. >From the first wooden abacus to the latest high-speed microprocessor, the computer has changed nearly every aspect of peoples lives for the better. The very earliest existence of the modern day computers ancestor is the abacus. These date back to almost 2000 years ago. It is simply a wooden rack holding parallel wires on which beads are strung. When these beads are moved along the wire according to "programming" rules that the user must memorize, all ordinary arithmetic operations can be performed (Soma, 14). The next innovation in computers took place in 1694 when Blaise Pascal invented the first digital calculating machine. It could only add numbers and they had to be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help Pascals father who was a tax collector (Soma, 32). In the early 1800s, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an automatic calculation machine. It was steam powered and could store up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Built in to his machine were operations that included everything a modern general-purpose computer would need. It was programmed byand stored data oncards with holes punched in them, appropriately called punchcards. His inventions were failures for the most part because of the lack of precision machining techniques used at the time and the lack of demand for such a device (Soma, 46). After Babbage, people began to lose interest in computers. However, between 1850 and 1900 there were great advances in mathematics and physics that began to rekindle the interest (Osborne, 45). Many of these new advances involved complex calculations and formulas that were very time consuming for human calculation. The first major use for a computer in the U.S. was during the 1890 census. Two men, Herman Hollerith and James Powers, developed a new punched-card system that could automatically read information on cards without human intervention (Gulliver, 82). Since the population of the U.S. was increasing so fast, the computer was an essential tool in tabulating the totals. These advantages were noted by commercial industries and soon led to the development of improved punch-card business-machine systems by International Business Machines (IBM), Remington-Rand, Burroughs, and other corporations. By modern standards the punched-card machines were slow, typically processing from 50 to 250 cards per minute, with each card holding up to 80 digits. At the time, however, punched cards were an enormous step forward; they provided a means of input, output, and memory storage on a massive scale. For more than 50 years following their first use, punched-card machines did the bulk of the world's business computing and a good portion of the computing work in science (Chposky, 73). By the late 1930s punched-card machine techniques had become so well established and reliable that Howard Hathaway Aiken, in collaboration with engineers at IBM, undertook construction of a large automatic digital computer based on standard IBM electromechanical parts. Aiken's machine, called the Harvard Mark I, handled 23-digit numbers and could perform all four arithmetic operations. Also, it had special built-in programs to handle logarithms and trigonometric functions. The Mark I was controlled from prepunched paper tape. Output was by card punch and electric typewriter. It was slow, requiring 3 to 5 seconds for a multiplication, but it was fully automatic and could complete long computations without human intervention (Chposky, 103). The outbreak of World War II produced a desperate need for computing capability, especially for the military. New weapons systems were produced which needed trajectory tables and other essential data. In 1942, John P. Eckert, John W. Mauchley, and their associates at the University of

Ive Attached The File Example

Ive Attached The File Example I've Attached The File – Essay Example Current Problems with Public Education in US The education in the United s faces a myriad of challenges, which make education to be less of an equalizing factor in the society. Poverty among the students is a major factor that has hampered the status of education in the country. While the rich are able to afford any school, the poor have the minimal opportunity to consider schools of their choice. It is also apparent that the rate of classroom disruptions is quite high. This emanates from rising cases of violence in schools. However, poverty is the major problem in the American education system of the 21st century. Low-income is the source of poverty for a number of Americans today. According to (Strauss 1), the numbers of students of children, from preschool to 12th grade, that benefit from the federal free and subsided feeding have increased exponentially over the years. Children from low-income backgrounds now dominate most of the public schools. Despite the magnitude of the problem, the federal educational policy has not considered poverty to be a major challenge to the education system in the United States. Ive Attached The File Example I've Attached The File – Essay Example Introduction The structure of many world economies is generally characterised by disparity in income distribution. Basically, unequal income distribution in an economy results in high poverty levels and poor living conditions for majority of the citizens. Income inequality has been on an increasing trend in America and other developed nations from the early 1970s (Yu and Slottje 101). The inequality is more evident in areas occupied by African-Americans. In fact, the menace of income inequality is higher in the United States than other wealthy nations. The major contributor of this unhealthy economic trend is projected to be US reinforcement of free market capitalism. Income inequality is associated with several evils such as increased crime rates, poor health, poor housing, low quality education and many others. Income inequality has numerous impacts ranging socio-economic to political Social impacts of income inequality Some scholars argue that disparities in income distribution contribute to social strife, health challenges and racial conflicts. For instance, people with low incomes (the bulk of the population) cannot afford quality healthcare because it is either too expensive or in accessible. In most instances, the best health care facilities and services are reserved for the rich in the community. Income distribution disparities have promoted the emergence and development of social classes across America which has widened the trench between the wealthy and the poor further (Yu and Slottje 118). In fact, the lower class people have been enslaved by the royal families through paying heavy taxes and providing cheap labor. When assessed critically, it can be seen that America is not comprehensively a land of opportunities as perceived by people from other countries. Essentially the living condition of some American residents, especially in cities and big towns render the perception that there are e ndless opportunities in America a mere stereotype. Some people from other nation who flock America in search of decent lifestyles end up being dissatisfied by the real experience they go through. Education is yet another sector that has been adversely affected by the problem of income inequality in the United States. Children of the less advantaged families especially the African- America hardly have access to quality education. Institutions offering quality education are generally expensive and can only be accessed by children from wealthy families. This situation affects the intergenerational mobility between the poor and the wealthy generation. In fact, intergenerational mobility is high in wealthy families than from less fortuned families. This basically means that there is little that children from poor families can inherit from their parents. Research has showed that raising income inequality contributes to increase in crime rate. In fact, some people especially poor youths decide to propel their lives in whatever means possible including robbery and theft. As a result, this has the consequence of raising security threats and other evils as people strive to make ends meet. Work cited: Yu, Hyang-gŭn and Slottje, Daniel. Measuring trends in US income inequality: theory and applications. Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 1998. Print.